Soybean( Glycine Max L ) Cultivation part 1

Soybean( Glycine Max L ) Cultivation part 1
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1. BRIEF HISTORY
Soybean is food crop in the form of bush which grow straightening. Wild type of soybean Ururiencis Glycine, is soybean degrading various soybean which we recognize now ( Max Glycine ( L) Merril). Coming to area form Manshukuo (North Chinese). In Indonesia, start at 17 th century as food crop and green manure. Spreading of soybean crop to Indonesia come from area of Manshukuo disseminate to area of Mansyuria: Japan (East Asia) and to other nations in America and African

2. TYPE OF CROP
Systematic way soybean crop shall be as follows: Family : Leguminosae, Subfamily : Papilionoidae, Gender : Glycine, Species : Glycine Max L. Soybean which grow wildly in South-East Asia cover about 40 type. Geographical spreading of soybean influence his type. There are 4 soybean type namely: type of Mansyuria, Japan, India, and Chinese. Elementaries determination of soybean varietas is according to:, seed, colour, and bar type.

3. BENEFIT OF CROP
Soybeanbean could be processed become soybean flour marginally can be divided to 2 especial benefit group, that is: processed to form of soybean protein and soybean oil. In the form of soybean protein can be used by food industry and be become: milk, vetsin, cakes, vegetation flesh and peppermint. Soybean also be used at non food industry like : paper, liquid paint, printing ink and textile. While process to form of soybean oil used in food industry and non food industry. Food Industry that used soybean oil to form gliserida to make cooking oil, other fat materials and margarine. While the other form lecithin to make: margarine, cake, ink, cosmetic, pharmacy and insectisida.

3. CULTIVATION CENTER
In one of the state part of United States, there are areal growth of soybean very wide and yield about 57 % world soybean production. In Indonesia, in this time soybean planted many at lowlands which not many aqueous, as in coastal area of North East Java, Central Java, West Java, Sulawesi North ( Gorontalo), Float, South Sumatra and Bali

5. PLANT CONDITION

Soybean crop most growing in areas which is have tropical climate to subtropical. As compatible climate barometer for soybean are when compatible for maize crop. Even soybean endurance better than maize. Soybean crop prefer dry climate than damp climate.

Soybean crop can grow either in area owning rainfall around 100-400 mm / month. While to get optimal result, soybean crop required rainfall between 100-200 mm / month .

Soybean crop need temperature between 21-34 degree of C, however optimum temperature for growth of soybean crop 23-27 degree C. At process germination of soybean seed need compatible temperature about30 degree C.

At the harvest moment soybean which happened at dry season will mbe better than at the rainy season, because having an effect on time ripening of seed and draining of result.


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