Tips Planting of Peanut

BRIEF HISTORY of Peanut

Peanut which in Indonesia initialy come from America continent. Inclusion come to Indonesia estimated to be brought by merchants of Spanyol,. In the 1863 HOLLE put English peanut and in 1864 SCHEFFER put Egypt peanut into Indonesia

TYPE Of CROP
In Indonesia there is 2 ( two ) type of peanut :

1. Straightening type. this Type Bean grow diametrical or a little to the above, there are fruits internodes near by clump, short generally and isn't it the fruit of in concern

2. Grow aside type . This type of growing toward aside, fairish especial bar of length, there are fruits internodes which nearby land and long lived generally

3. BENEFIT OF CROP
Crop Peanut can be exploited for the food of livestock, seed is of exploited as vegetation protein source , oil and others.

4.. SENTRA CULTIVATION OF PEANUT
Sentra cultivation Peanut production in Indonesia cover Java Yogyakarta, and Sulawesi

5. CONDITION TO GROW
Peanut crop is compatible with lowland which have height to under 500 m from sea level required . Peanut crop compatible with climate that have high temperature between25°C - 32°C, little damp ( rH 65 - 75 ), rainfall 800 mm - 1300 mm per year, open place
Cultivated Land for Peanut require land which have light structure ,like land of regosol, andosol, and latosol of alluvial. Peanut doesn’t need a rice field irrigated farm, all it need are wet rice field dependant to rain, cistern of rain dry farming., enough land fertility, good texture and have –PH between 6,0 - 6,5.

6. GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTING/PLANTING

a. Seed
1.Seed come from healthy crop, ad for disease and pest, quality of the seed of good and have high perity so that can germinate quickly and flatten
2. To be harvested on time, have old enough , do not break, put accross processing of bacillus and peel of seed
3. Having of old age and high result of nuts

b. Processing of Land farm
Processing of land conducted by tractor in 20- 30 cm deep or you can do it manual. Target of processing of landfarm is to improve and repair structure and aeration of landfarm to growth of root and suction then the crop can absorb nutrient better

c. Cultivation
Time planted, Time peanut planted at the non irigated dry field farm will be best at early of rainny season. Planting method of Cultivation conducted by using dibber in 3 cm by 2 seed item per hole and plant distance about 40 x cm 10 cm. Later;Then hole plant to be closed with land thinly.

Conservancy Of Crop
1. Fertilization . Fertilization conducted using manure of Urea, Phosphat and KCI with dose 60-90 kg/hectare of Urea, 60-90 kg/hectare of Phosphat and 50 Kg/hectareof KCI. Fertilization conducted by fertilize into left dibber hole beside hole right plant
2. Embroidering of Crop. Embroidering conducted by made hole plant newly at hole secondhand plant formerly. Intention of this embroidering is to maintain population
3. Mowing . Mowing is conducted by 2 times - First mowing conducted at thewhen the crop reach 21 day old after planting and the second mowing conducted at 40 day after planting.

Pest and Disease Of Peanut
1. Wilt Disease. Wilt Disease because of bacterium of Xanthomonas Solanacearum. In the day time sunshine time crop abrupt droop like hot water disimm, crop death dirrectly. Way of operation with crop innings
2. Disease Of Pock Leaf Disease of Pock because of mushroom of Cercospora personata. Pock generated at leaf upside brown**chocolate******* while side under black leaf. Is **pock******* of leaf sometime there are black spot of Conidiospora. This Mushroom arise at old age crop 40 - 50 day till 70 day. This mushroom can be controlled with Anthmcol or of Daconil
3. Disease of Selerotium. This Disease because of Selerotium rolfsii, damage of crop when timid weather. Mushroom attack at bar jetty, part of soft crop, generating black pocks. attacked crop wilt**wilting******* will and death. Operation : improve;repaired irrigating, so thatirrigating water can emit a stream of
4. Disease of Rust. This Disease because of Uromyces arachidae, attacking crop which still young cause leaf spot leaf chocolate become mongering. Operation of planted varitas which hold up
5. Pest of Empoasca. This Pest not too harm for peanut crop. Way of the operation of with spraying of Azodrin, Karphos or of lnsektisida the availableness.

thanks to : Kab. Bantul